InvasiveCandidaInfectionsandtheHarmFromAntibacterialDrugsinCriticallyIllPatients:DataFromaRandomized,ControlledTrialtoDeterminetheRoleofCiprofloxacin,Piperacillin-Tazobactam,Meropenem,andCefuroximeJens-UlrikS.JenseCritCareMed;43:–研究目的(Objective)危重症患者使用抗生素可能增加侵袭性念珠菌感染的风险。本研究的目的在于探讨增加抗生素暴露是否与侵袭性念珠菌感染的发生相关。UseofantibioticsincriticallyillpatientsmayincreasetheriskofinvasiveCandidainfection.TheobjectiveofthisstudywastodeterminewhetherincreasedexposuretoantibioticsisassociatedwithincreasedprevalenceofinvasiveCandidainfection.研究设计(Design)该研究为一项-年的随机对照研究:降钙素原与生存率的数据亚组分析。Substudyusingdatafromarandomizedcontrolledtrial,theProcalcitoninAndSurvivalStudy–.研究地点(Setting)丹麦的9个综合性ICUNinemultidisciplinaryICUsacrossDenmark研究对象(Patients)总共名危重症患者Atotalof1,criticallyillpatients.干预措施(Intervention)根据最新指南将入组患者随机分为高抗生素暴露治疗组(n=)或标准抗生素暴露治疗组(n=)。Patientswererandomlyallocatedtoeithera“highexposure”antibiotictherapy(interventionarm,n=)ora“standardexposure”guidedbycurrentguidelines(n=).数据收集及主要结果(MeasurementsandMainResults)74名患者最终发生侵袭性念珠菌感染,其中高暴露组40名,标准暴露组34名(相对危险度=1.2,95%CI,0.7-1.8,p=0.52)。高暴露组的内科患者使用环丙沙星和哌拉西林/他唑巴坦分别为51%和75%,较标准暴露组患者高;但是在两组的外科患者中,抗生素暴露情况无明显差异。高暴露组的内科危重症患者(6.2%;27/)比标准暴露组(3.3%;14/)更易发生侵袭性念珠菌感染(危险比=1.9;95%CI,1.0-3.6;p=0.05)。该研究中环丙沙星可单独预测侵袭性念珠菌感染(危险比=2.1[1.1-4.1]);并且感染风险随着环丙沙星的疗程逐渐增加:1.6%患者未发生,3.8%患者在使用1-2天时发生(危险比=2.5;95%CI,0.9–7.3),6.3%患者在使用3天时发生(危险比=3.8;95%CI,1.6–9.3;p=0.)。在该研究最初3天使用过任何含环丙沙星的抗生素方案的患者,与使用不含环丙沙星抗生素方案治疗的患者相比,发生侵袭性念珠菌感染的风险更高(危险比=3.7;95%CI,1.6–8.7;p=0.;标准危险比=3.4;95%CI,1.4–8.0;p=0.)。Seventy-fourpatientsmettheendpoint“invasiveCandidainfection”,40inthehighexposurearmand34instandardexposurearm(relativerisk=1.2;95%CI,0.7–1.8;p=0.52).Amongmedicalpatientsinthehighexposurearm,theuseofciprofloxacinandperacillin/tazobactamwas51%and75%,higherthaninthestandardexposurearm;nodifferenceinantibioticexposurewasobservedbetweentherandomizedarmsinsurgicalpatients.Amongmedicalintensivecarepatients,invasiveCandidainfectionwasmorefrequentinthehighexposurearm(6.2%;27/)thaninstandardexposurearm(3.3%;14/)(hazardratio=1.9;95%CI,1.0–3.6;p=0.05).CiprofloxacinusedatstudyentryindependentlypredictedinvasiveCandidainfection(adjustedhazardratio=2.1[1.1–4.1]);theriskgraduallyincreasedwithdurationofciprofloxacintherapy:sixofinpatientsnotexposed(1.6%),eightof(3.8%)whenusedfor1-2days(hazardratio=2.5;95%CI,0.9–7.3),and31of(6.3%)whenusedfor3days(hazardratio=3.8;95%CI,1.6–9.3;p=0.).Patientswithanyciprofloxacin-containingantibioticregimenthefirst3daysinthetrialhadahigherriskofinvasiveCandidainfectionthandidpatientsonanyantibioticregimennotcontainingciprofloxacin(unadjustedhazardratio=3.7;95%CI,1.6–8.7;p=0.;adjustedhazardratio=3.4;95%CI,1.4–8.0;p=0.).结论(Conclusions)在内科危重症患者中,高度抗生素暴露可增加侵袭性念珠菌感染风险,其中尤以使用含环丙沙星抗生素治疗策略者更甚。而其他抗生素,如美罗培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦及头孢呋辛,则无此风险。HighexposuretoantibioticsisassociatedtoincreasedriskofinvasiveCandidainfectioninmedicalintensivecarepatients.Patientswithciprofloxacin-containingregimenshadhigherriskofinvasiveCandidainfection.Otherantibiotics,suchasmeropenem,piperacillin/tazobactam,andcefuroxime,werenotassociatedwithsucharisk.文/杨岚,郭凤梅排版/张星星审核/刘松桥,谢剑锋
昆明白癜风治疗医院北京治疗白癜风哪间医院效果好当前时间: